Protein-sparing modified fasting (PSMF) is a game-changer in the world of weight loss. Originating in the 1970s as a solution for severe obesity, PSMF offers the benefits of fasting without the downside of muscle loss. In traditional fasting, lean mass dwindles, which is far from ideal. PSMF ensures you not only maintain but also build lean muscle, a critical aspect of lasting health.

Operating on the principles of a ketogenic diet, PSMF minimizes carbohydrate intake, forcing your body to tap into stored fat for energy. By focusing on lean protein and reducing fat intake to a bare minimum, PSMF keeps hormones balanced and supports the absorption of essential fat-soluble vitamins.

The result? Rapid fat loss, enhanced health, and unwavering strength. It’s a no-nonsense approach to achieving your goals.

Fasting has been in the spotlight, driven by its appeal as a fast-track weight loss method. However, it’s crucial to select the right fasting approach that aligns with your goals while safeguarding your long-term health, as not all fasting methods are created equal.

Before delving into PSMF, let’s explore four other commonly adopted fasting techniques that aim to overcome plateaus and expedite weight loss. We’ll assess the impact of each method on your health and body composition.

1. Fat Fasting

Fat fasting, a method embraced by certain keto communities to overcome weight loss plateaus, involves the consumption of pure fats like butter or oil while avoiding carbs and protein. Advocates believe that because fat intake minimally affects insulin levels, it won’t lead to weight gain, under the assumption that low insulin means no fat storage. However, this notion is flawed as it’s possible for the body to store dietary fat, essential to prevent an overload of triglycerides in the bloodstream. Unfortunately, fat fasting is an ineffective and unhealthy strategy for achieving wellness and weight loss.

Unless you’re exercising sufficiently, all the fat you consume during a fat fast, is directed into storage within your fat cells as it leaves no other destination. This outcome is counterproductive if your objective is fat loss. Although a decrease in weight may register on the scale when muscle mass is lost, this is an undesirable outcome. Muscle is invaluable, and dietary fat alone cannot support muscle growth. The essential building blocks for muscle are amino acids from your diet combined with strength training.

2. Egg Fasting

Egg fasting, a practice still observed in some keto communities to break plateaus and accelerate weight loss, involves consuming only eggs. While eggs are nutritious, we do not recommend egg fasting for a couple of reasons. First, it’s challenging to obtain sufficient protein during an egg fast, which is crucial for muscle maintenance and lean mass.

Second, people tend to grow tired of consuming large quantities of eggs quickly, and this can lead to undereating. Although weight loss may occur, it often results from fatigue of eating eggs, which is unsustainable and may compromise long-term health. Instead, a fasting approach that allows for a variety of protein-rich and nutrient-dense foods, including eggs, is a better choice.

3. Intermittent Fasting

Intermittent fasting is an eating pattern that alternates between periods of fasting (not eating or consuming very few calories) and eating. It doesn’t prescribe specific foods to eat but focuses on when you should eat. The most common forms of intermittent fasting include:

1. Time-Restricted Eating: This method involves limiting your daily eating window to a certain number of hours, typically 8-10, and fasting for the remaining 14-16 hours. For example, you might eat only between 12 PM and 8 PM and fast for the rest of the day.

2. 16/8 Method: A specific type of time-restricted eating where you fast for 16 hours and eat during an 8-hour window. For example, fasting from 8 PM to 12 PM the next day.

3. 5:2 Diet: In this approach, you eat normally for five days of the week and significantly reduce your calorie intake (usually around 500-600 calories) on two non-consecutive fasting days.

4. Alternate-Day Fasting: This method alternates between fasting days, where you eat very few calories or nothing at all, and regular eating days.

5. Eat-Stop-Eat: In this method, you fast for a full 24 hours once or twice a week. For instance, fasting from dinner one day to dinner the next day.

6. The Warrior Diet: This involves fasting for most of the day and eating a large meal in the evening, typically within a 4-hour eating window.

Intermittent fasting can lead to various health benefits, including weight loss, improved insulin sensitivity, better metabolic health, and even potential longevity benefits. It’s essential to choose a fasting method that suits your lifestyle and health goals and consult with a healthcare professional if you have underlying health conditions.

4. Extended Fasting

Extended fasting, which involves abstaining from calories for at least 24-48 hours, is another popular type of fasting promising weight loss. However, this weight loss often includes muscle loss, which is undesirable.

Extended fasting may neglect the importance of what you eat when not fasting, leading to unhealthy food choices post-fast, causing cycles of glucose flooding and depletion, and potential muscle cannibalization.

While extended fasting can induce autophagy and apoptosis, touted as the “fountain of youth,” these processes occur naturally and can be stimulated by exercise and strength training. Research shows that exercise, along with a well-formulated ketogenic/carnivore diet, is more effective for achieving health and fitness goals than long-term fasting.

In essence, extended fasting for weight loss or general health is not recommended, as its drawbacks overshadow minor benefits like autophagy. For weight loss, overall health, or disease prevention, a balanced ketogenic diet and exercise are more practical and sustainable choices.

5. Protein-Sparing Modified Fasting

Protein-sparing modified fasting (PSMF) offers an effective alternative to extended fasting while preserving lean mass. It benefits several groups, including gastric bypass patients, bodybuilders, those with insulin resistance, and individuals seeking weight loss. PSMF involves minimizing carbs and fats while achieving or surpassing protein goals to enhance satiety.

This approach forces the body to utilize stored fat for energy, similar to extended fasting, but with the advantage of maintaining satisfaction and a high thermic effect from protein intake, resulting in the loss of 25 to 30 percent of calories consumed. Furthermore, PSMF provides essential fat and nutrient-dense animal protein.

PSMF is a valuable tool to expedite fat loss or overcome plateaus, typically integrated into a weekly routine, supplemented by regular fat-loss macros and occasional overfeeding days. It’s worth noting that PSMF is not suitable for extremely lean individuals.

Contrary to claims that PSMF is unhealthy, it is essentially a milder version of extended fasting and does not lead to lean mass loss, making it a safer and improved alternative.

6. OMAD : One Meal a Day

OMAD stands for “One Meal a Day.” It’s a type of intermittent fasting where you consume all your daily calories during a single meal, typically within a one-hour eating window, and fast for the remaining 23 hours of the day. OMAD has gained popularity for its potential health benefits and simplicity, making it a convenient choice for those looking to control their weight or improve their health.

The PSMF method is a game-changer for rapid fat loss, utilizing your body’s biology to make shedding those extra pounds quick and effective. Let’s delve into why this approach works so well.

The Thermic Effect of Food (TEF)

Different foods have varying effects on your metabolism. Protein, with a TEF of up to 30%, requires significant energy to digest, whereas fat has a mere 3% TEF. By emphasizing protein and reducing overall calorie intake, you force your body to use stored fat for fuel, leading to substantial fat loss.

Oxidative Priority

Your body processes fuels in a specific order based on storage capacity and current demand. Alcohol comes first because the body can’t store it. Carbs follow, but the body has limited storage capacity for them, and excess is converted to fat. Protein comes next, primarily serving to build and repair lean tissues. Finally, dietary fat is the last priority for use as fuel, as it’s easy to store. By limiting other fuels and prioritizing protein on PSMF, you encourage your body to use stored fat efficiently, making it a powerful tool for fat loss.

Ketone Production

When you consume low carbs and low protein, your body doesn’t have enough oxaloacetate to burn all the fat you eat directly. Consequently, your body bypasses the Krebs cycle, creating ketone bodies from fat to use as fuel. Thus, blood ketone levels rise when fasting or eating a low-protein keto diet. However, by increasing your protein intake, you provide your body with the oxaloacetate it needs to burn fat directly, making your body run more efficiently.

Nutrient-Dense Foods

The PSMF method centers around nutrient-dense animal proteins, a stark contrast to other fasting approaches that often lack nutrients. Animal proteins are rich in vitamins and minerals essential for overall health and healing. Focusing on nutrient-dense protein ensures you get the nutrients needed for your body to thrive and repair.

Don’t fear or limit protein; it’s a crucial macronutrient for health and weight loss. Embrace the PSMF method’s focus on animal proteins, as it can supply you with a nutrient-rich profile to fuel your journey toward health and healing.

The concept of “starvation mode” has long haunted those seeking weight loss, instilling fear that the body, when deprived of calories, clings stubbornly to its fat stores. In this insightful exploration, the myth of starvation mode is thoroughly debunked.

The prevailing notion of starvation mode suggests that when one restricts calorie intake, the body adapts to the new norm, hindering fat loss even while in a caloric deficit. This, however, is far from the truth. In a surprising twist, those who advocate for extreme fasting, such as multi-day fasts, contradict the very idea of starvation mode. If it were real, wouldn’t total fasting result in metabolic shutdown and no fat loss?

Historical evidence, like the Irish famine of 1845, challenges this myth. Even during prolonged calorie restriction, individuals didn’t retain fat but, rather, became emaciated. Studies have shown that extremely low-calorie diets result in greater weight loss, further undermining the concept of starvation mode.

The most extreme case involved a man who fasted for an astonishing 382 days in 1973. Remarkably, he consistently lost weight without experiencing a significant rebound. Although such extreme practices are not advisable, they underline the fact that starvation mode doesn’t hold up.

Another misconception is that a daily calorie intake as low as 1,200 or 1,100 calories leads to muscle loss. However, this is only true if those calories primarily come from fats or carbohydrates. Sufficient protein intake ensures the preservation of lean mass, highlighting the effectiveness of the PSMF (Protein-Sparing Modified Fast) method.

Many individuals, despite meticulous macro tracking, experience weight loss plateaus. An often well-intentioned but misguided recommendation is to eat more. However, this contradicts the principles that led to weight gain in the first place. The truth is, the body’s calorie requirements can change when calorie restriction is practiced for an extended period, but this isn’t starvation mode.

This shift in calorie needs can be attributed to several factors, including the miscalculation of caloric intake. Research indicates that people typically underestimate their calorie consumption by approximately 40%. When individuals precisely weigh and track their food, they often find they consume more calories than they initially thought.

Metabolic adaptation, another factor, occurs when the body adjusts its metabolic rate in response to prolonged calorie reduction. Over time, your basal metabolic rate (BMR) decreases, necessitating fewer calories for weight maintenance. Incorporating occasional overfeeding days, where you consume extra calories from fat and protein, can help mitigate metabolic adaptation.

In summary, the myth of starvation mode is thoroughly discredited. Weight loss stalls are more often attributed to factors like miscalculated caloric intake and metabolic adaptation. By understanding and addressing these factors, individuals can pursue sustainable and successful weight loss without the fear of their bodies resisting their efforts.

Protein-sparing modified fasting (PSMF) is a powerful tool for weight loss and other health objectives, but it must be used wisely. PSMF days involve a significant reduction in calorie intake, and using them incorrectly can lead to adverse outcomes.

For lean individuals who are only a few pounds away from their goal weight, frequent PSMF days can be counterproductive. In such cases, limiting PSMF to perhaps once a week is essential. Without sufficient body fat, the body may start converting protein into fuel, resulting in muscle loss.

Moreover, if your health goal is to manage conditions like seizures or Alzheimer’s, where higher blood ketone levels are advantageous, the PSMF method may not be the right fit. In these instances, a higher fat intake may be necessary to maintain ketone production.

On the other hand, if you have a significant amount of weight to lose, such as 50 pounds or more, incorporating one to three PSMF days a week can be a beneficial strategy. However, it’s crucial not to overdo it by adhering to the PSMF method every day or five days a week for extended periods. Since PSMF emphasizes nutrient-dense foods with reduced overall intake, excessive use can make it challenging to obtain the essential vitamins and minerals your body requires. A balanced approach involving PSMF for a couple of days a week is a more sustainable plan.

If you opt for three PSMF days a week, consider incorporating an overfeeding day once a week or every other week. This balanced approach can help you achieve your desired results while minimizing metabolic adaptation and preserving your lean mass. In the realm of PSMF, knowing when and how to use this method correctly can be the key to unlocking your health and weight loss goals.

Protein-sparing modified fasting (PSMF) is a potent strategy for weight loss and other health goals, but it must be approached with precision. This approach should not be an everyday practice but rather used strategically. PSMF days involve a sharp reduction in calorie intake, typically around 600 to 800 calories, which can limit the intake of essential vitamins and minerals. Here’s how to implement PSMF effectively.

For individuals who are already close to their target weight, it’s crucial to limit PSMF days to once a week or as needed. Using PSMF too frequently when you have minimal body fat can lead to muscle loss since the body needs adequate fuel.

If your health objectives involve increasing blood ketone levels, such as for managing seizures or Alzheimer’s, PSMF may not be suitable. In such cases, it might be necessary to consume more fat to maintain ketosis.

However, for those with a significant amount of weight to lose, integrating one to three PSMF days a week can be beneficial. Avoid the temptation to make PSMF a daily routine; it’s a tool designed to accelerate weight loss or overcome plateaus.

Precision is key when it comes to PSMF. A typical PSMF day includes minimal carbs (ideally 10 grams or fewer, or even none), 20 to 30 grams of fat (the minimum required for fat-soluble vitamin absorption and hormone production), and protein adjusted according to your lean mass. The taller you are or the more muscle you have, the more protein you’ll need. As a general guideline, for adults under 60, aim for about 0.8 times your lean mass in grams as your protein goal.

Protein needs vary with age. Children require additional protein to support their growth, with toddlers needing approximately 2.0 times their lean mass in grams of protein per day. Newborn babies, especially when breastfed, typically require around 2.6 times their lean mass in grams of protein daily for optimal development.

As individuals age, their protein requirements increase to help maintain lean mass. For those over the age of 60, it’s recommended to aim for approximately 1.0 to 1.2 times their lean mass in grams of protein. If you’re over 70, an even higher protein intake of around 1.2 to 1.4 times your lean mass is advisable to support overall health and muscle preservation. You can now see how important sufficient protein consumption is for maintaining proper health.

Hunger is a crucial factor in determining your protein intake during PSMF days. If you’re hungry, it’s advisable to increase your protein intake. An example helps illustrate this: for a typical woman under 60, weighing 77kg, with 38% body fat and 47.5kg of lean mass, her macros for a PSMF day would include little to no carbs, 105 grams of protein, and about 30 grams of fat.

The magic of PSMF lies in its calorie efficiency. With a limited calorie intake, your body taps into stored fat for fuel, while the thermic effect of food (TEF) plays a role in calorie utilization. This method preserves lean body mass while shedding excess fat. Additionally, the satiating properties of protein and stable blood glucose levels reduce hunger and cravings.

Being keto-adapted before attempting PSMF is beneficial, though not mandatory. Keto adaptation improves the body’s efficiency in utilizing stored body fat for energy. By maintaining a strict keto diet for four to six weeks, your body becomes adept at accessing its fat stores, making PSMF days more manageable.

In summary, PSMF is a powerful tool, but it must be used judiciously. Tailor your approach to your specific goals and body composition, ensuring that you strike the right balance between PSMF and regular keto or carnivore macros to maximize its benefits.

Here’s an example of a PSMF day: 62kg female : 46 years old : light activity : 718 calories = 102gms protein, 30gms fat, less than 10gms carbs.

I’m not one to painstakingly calculate my meals; instead, I rely on my instincts when it comes to protein intake, and surprisingly, it works like a charm for me. On any given day, you’ll likely find me savouring a substantial steak, usually weighing in at a hearty 600 to 900 grams (pre-cooking), often opting for the mouthwatering delights of rump or ribeye cuts. There are times, particularly during the week leading up to my period, when I feel like having two meals. I’ll relish a 500-gram steak around 11 a.m., and then another at roughly 3 p.m.

Did you know that the body’s digestive fire burns the brightest when the sun is at its zenith, from 12 p.m. to 2 p.m.? It’s during this window that our bodies are best equipped to absorb the majority of their daily nutrients. Conversely, as the sun sets, the digestive fire cools, transitioning into a peaceful period of rest-and-digest. It’s the ideal time to refrain from eating and allow the body to focus on restoration. That’s precisely why I prefer to enjoy my typical OMAD (One Meal A Day) feast by 1:30 p.m., but no later than 3 p.m.

The beauty of my ‘just grab a steak’ approach is that it’s not only uncomplicated but also incredibly convenient. And let’s face it, who can resist the tantalizing allure of a perfectly cooked cut of meat? It’s a win-win!

Alright, let’s cut to the chase: there is no money to be made from healthy people. The real cash flow kicks in when folks who are fit as a fiddle start believing they’ve got a laundry list of ailments. Enter the artful dance of “disease mongering,” a slick move where big pharma takes center stage, crafting and peddling illnesses like it’s going out of style.

Gone are the days of diseases evolving naturally; now, it’s corporations playing puppet master, shaping and pushing illnesses into the limelight. But here’s the part that doesn’t get enough attention: the sneaky behind-the-scenes alliances forming between the suits in the drug companies, doctors, and consumer groups. Their mission? Not to shed light on real health issues, but to make their conditions sound like the next big thing – widespread, severe, and oh-so-curable. And guess what’s waiting in the wings? A shiny lineup of new pharmaceutical products.

Bill Maher, the wit extraordinaire, hit the nail on the head with a quote that’s as spot-on as a bullseye: “We won’t stop being sick until we stop making ourselves sick.” Maher spills the beans on how the government’s not exactly our health guardian angel; they’re more like your neighborhood dealer. Why? Because there’s big money in keeping people not quite healthy but not quite dead either.

1. Filthy Rich: Both Big Pharma and the mafia amass immense wealth from their lucrative ventures.
2. Side Effects of Their Businesses: Their operations entail severe injuries and fatalities. Big Pharma releases potentially deadly medicines through corrupted healthcare systems, influencing bodies like the FDA with conflicts of interest.
3. Bribery: Similar to the mafia, Big Pharma bribes politicians to sway decisions in their favor. Generous donations fund political campaigns, leading to politicians favoring laws that benefit Big Pharma.
4. Paid-Off Mass Media: Using their wealth and influence, both entities control the mass media. Big Pharma manipulates media coverage, fostering biased narratives or publishing unscientific journals to promote their agenda.
5. Extortion: Extortionate drug prices result not from development costs but from political lobbying. Big Pharma sets exorbitant prices with little competition, leaving patients facing unjustifiable costs.
6. Silencing: Both entities silence dissenters through gag orders, discrediting, or character assassination. Doctors critical of drugs like Vioxx were placed on a ‘hit list’ to discredit them.
7. Controlling the Opposition: Just like the mafia, Big Pharma stifles competition that threatens their business, such as suppressing inventions like Royal Rife’s cancer machine.
8. Run-Ins with the Law: Frequent legal issues plague both the mafia and Big Pharma, involving embezzlement, fraud, deception, and health damage lawsuits against harmful drugs.
9. Threat and Coercion: By manipulating politicians with misrepresented science, Big Pharma enforces vaccination laws, reflecting a form of medical fascism.

To sell a cure, first you need to sell the disease. Research suggests that pharmaceutical companies are engaging in the medicalisation of ordinary conditions, such as menopause, creating awareness around non-existent diseases, and elevating minor issues into serious conditions requiring treatment.

Two decades ago, few people were concerned about their cholesterol levels. Today, due to the efforts of pharmaceutical companies, elevated cholesterol levels are acknowledged as a significant health issue, with statin reducers being among the best-selling drugs. Disease branding can destigmatise sensitive problems, rebranding incontinence as an ‘overactive bladder,’ encouraging individuals to seek treatment. However, it also poses a risk to healthy individuals, as it may lead them to take medications with potentially harmful side effects.

Food is the most powerful tool to create optimal health. It’s far more than just calories or energy to fuel our bodies. It is information; instructions that regulate every function of our bodies in real time. You have the power of choice – use it!

I’ve adopted the carnivore diet and at 46 I’m in the best health of my life! If you want to know more, click here.

In your skull, there are sutures or cracks that help bones grow evenly as children. One of them is on the roof of your mouth. Applying consistent tongue pressure on this suture can stimulate facial growth, a theory called Orthotropics.

Orthotropics, meaning ‘straight growth,’ was inspired by Dr. John Mew, who found ways to grow facial bones without surgery. His son, Dr. Mike Mew, now carries on this knowledge. The focus is on holistic facial development.

Crooked teeth are often addressed with expensive orthodontics. Instead, understanding the root cause is crucial. Environmental factors play a role, contrary to the belief that genetics alone influence facial growth. The orthodontic solution aligns teeth but doesn’t address underlying causes.

Mewing involves keeping your tongue on the roof of your mouth, helping proper jaw development. This technique emphasizes natural facial growth and addresses issues like mouth breathing, which affects teeth alignment.

Contrary to orthodontic beliefs, our ancestors had well-aligned teeth without treatments. Extracting teeth or wearing retainers post-treatment doesn’t address the root cause – the improper growth of the face. The goal is to develop the whole face to naturally align teeth.

Mewing encourages facial expansion, avoiding the need for invasive procedures. Facial appearance is interconnected, and improper growth can affect nose shape, cheekbones, and wrinkles.

Mewing isn’t just about appearance; it can also improve airways, reduce snoring, and potentially lead to a healthier life. Orthodontic treatments, on the other hand, have drawbacks such as braces, costs, teeth extraction, and the risk of relapse.

Surgery, like orthognathic and plastic surgery, comes with high costs, health risks, and potential unnatural results. Plastic surgery may not address the underlying causes and can lead to addiction and mental health issues.

Society’s beauty standards shift over time. Instead of chasing trends, embrace timeless beauty by striving for the best version of yourself. Princess Diana’s beauty was more than skin deep, emphasizing the importance of self-worth.

It involves consistent tongue posture, proper body posture, and techniques like the N-spot, cheesy swallow, Mona Lisa swallow, and suction hold. Mewing also includes good breathing habits and chewing properly. For the best results, consistency is key.

Using proper techniques is crucial for mewing. Here are 5 steps to help you practice mewing:

1. Close your mouth and put your teeth together.
2. Create a vacuum in your mouth by swallowing a couple of times until your tongue is ‘glued’ to the roof of your mouth.
3. The tip of your tongue should be resting just behind the ‘ridge’ behind your front teeth.
4. Make sure the back 1/3 of your tongue is properly engaged.
5. Continue to breathe through your nose.

In summary, mewing stands as a natural pathway to enhance facial features, bypassing the necessity for costly and intrusive interventions. Celebrate your distinct features, pursue self-betterment, and contemplate mewing as a comprehensive method for achieving a more captivating facial contour and refined dental alignment.

They’re everywhere! From skincare products and makeup to personal care items and cosmetics, endocrine disruptors may be lurking in your daily routine. But that’s not all – they can also be found in fragrances, cleaning products, plastics, non-organic produce, unfiltered water, and even cookware. So, there’s a good chance you’re encountering these hidden disruptors regularly.

Your endocrine system is like the body’s internal communication network. It consists of glands that churn out hormones, those crucial chemical messengers that keep your body humming along. Hormones are responsible for a wide array of functions, including metabolism, growth, mood, fertility, sleep, and more.

In both men and women, this system includes glands like the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, thymus, pancreas, pineal, and adrenal glands. Men have the testes, while women have the ovaries, and during pregnancy, the placenta joins in to produce estrogen and progesterone.

Now, you might be wondering, “Which hormones are we talking about?” Well, here are some heavy hitters in the hormone department:

• Estrogen
• Progesterone
• Testosterone
• Dopamine
• Oxytocin
• Melatonin
• Growth hormone
• Luteinizing hormone
• Prolactin
• Thyroid-stimulating hormone
• Aldosterone
• DHEA and androgens
• Adrenaline (epinephrine)
• Noradrenaline (norepinephrine)
• Insulin
• Glucagon

It’s tough to quantify the exact impact of these disruptors, given the numerous exposures we face daily. However, studies suggest that they might contribute to conditions such as diabetes, obesity, thyroid problems, developmental issues, behavioral disorders, reproductive troubles, and even hormone-sensitive cancers.

In the animal kingdom, we’ve seen significant effects from these disruptors, leading some species to change sex due to exposure. In certain regions, chemicals such as atrazine in the water supply have turned male frogs into females. That makes me wonder if it could be why so many men start showing feminine attributes … something to think about.

One of the top tips to avoid endocrine disruptors is to kick the plastic habit. Swap plastic containers for stainless steel, coated aluminum, or glass alternatives in your food, beverage, skincare, and cosmetic choices. Also:

• Say goodbye to plastic water bottles and lunch containers, and opt for stainless steel and glass.
• If your food comes in plastic packaging, transfer it to a glass jar.
• Cut down on canned foods, as even those labeled “BPA-free” may not be endocrine-disruptor friendly.
• Avoid handling paper receipts and choose electronic ones when possible.
• Go for filtered water instead of bottled or tap.
• Don’t microwave or put plastic in the dishwasher.

Male mice who are exposed in the womb to bisphenol A, or BPA, a chemical compound found in some hard plastics and can linings, appear to be less masculine and less attractive to females once they mature, raising the possibility that the controversial chemical could subtly affect boys in similar ways. Something to think about!

In conventional skincare, endocrine-disrupting chemicals are aplenty. When it comes to phthalates, be on the lookout for those tricky Bs and Ds on product labels. Some notorious culprits include:

• DBP (dibutyl phthalate)
• DINP (diisononyl phthalate)
• BBP (benzyl butyl phthalate)
• BEP (butyl-ethyl phthalate)
• DNOP (di-n-octyl phthalate)
• DEHP (di-2-Ethylhexyl phthalate)
• DMP (dimethyl phthalate)
• DIDP (dodecyl phthalate)
• DEP (diethyl phthalate)

Parabens are another bad actor, so steer clear of anything with “paraben” in the name on product labels.